The Role of Educational Attainment and Brain Morphology in Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Consortium

Sarah Whittle; Divyangana Rakesh; Lianne Schmaal; Dick J Veltman; Paul M Thompson; Aditya Singh; Ali Saffet Gonul; Andre Aleman; Aslihan Uyar Demir; Axel Krug; Benson Mwangi; Bernd Kramer; Bernhard T Baune; Dan J Stein; Dominik Grotegerd; Edith Pomarol-Clotet; Elena Rodriguez-Cano; Elisa Melloni; Francesco Benedetti; Frederike Stein; Hans J Grabe; Henry Volzke; Ian H Gotlib; Igor Nenadic; Jair C Soares; Jonathan Repple; Kang Sim; Katharina Brosch; Katharina Wittfeld; Klaus Berger; Marco Hermesdorf; Maria J Portella; Matthew D Sacchet; Mon-Ju Wu; Nils Opel; Nynke A Groenewold; Oliver Gruber; Paola Fuentes-Claramonte; Raymond Salvador; Roberto Goya-Maldonado; Salvador Sarro; Sara Poletti; Susanne L Meinert; Tilo Kircher; Udo Dannlowski; Elena Pozzi

Journal article

The Role of Educational Attainment and Brain Morphology in Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Consortium

Sarah Whittle, Divyangana Rakesh, Lianne Schmaal, Dick J Veltman, Paul M Thompson, Aditya Singh, Ali Saffet Gonul, Andre Aleman, Aslihan Uyar Demir, Axel Krug, Benson Mwangi, Bernd Kramer, Bernhard T Baune, Dan J Stein, Dominik Grotegerd, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Elena Rodriguez-Cano, Elisa Melloni, Francesco Benedetti, Frederike Stein Show all

JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE | AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC | Published : 2022

DOI: 10.1037/abn0000738

Abstract

Brain structural abnormalities and low educational attainment are consistently associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), yet there has been little research investigating the complex interaction of these factors. Brain structural alterations may represent a vulnerability or differential susceptibility marker, and in the context of low educational attainment, predict MDD. We tested this moderation model in a large multisite sample of 1958 adults with MDD and 2921 controls (aged 18 to 86) from the ENIGMA MDD working group. Using generalized linear mixed models and within-sample split-half replication, we tested whether brain structure interacted with educational attainment to predict MDD..

View full abstract

University of Melbourne Researchers

Sarah Whittle Author

Lianne Schmaal Author

Bernhard Baune Author

Elena Pozzi Author

Related Projects (2)

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL RISK FACTORS FOR DEPRESSION FROM CHILDHOOD TO EARLY ADULTHOOD

To understand who is at risk for depression, we need to understand how both the environment and biological factors promote risk at specific ..

A GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO UNLOCK BRAIN MECHANISMS INFLUENCING SUICIDAL BEHAVIORS THROUGH THE ENIGMA CONSORTIUM

ABSTRACT One million people around the world die from suicide annually. Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death for all ages and the sec..

Grants

Awarded by National Institutes of Health

Awarded by NHMRC

Awarded by NHMRC Career Development Fellowship

Awarded by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung

Awarded by Generalitat de Catalunya

Awarded by CIBERSAM

Awarded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)

Awarded by Gratama Foundation, the Netherlands

Awarded by German Research Foundation (DFG)

Awarded by National Institute of Mental Health

Awarded by Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research

Awarded by NHG Research Grant

Awarded by Federal Ministry of Education and Research

Awarded by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)

Funding Acknowledgements

ENIGMA MDD work is supported by National Institutes of Health Grants U54 EB020403 (Paul M. Thompson), R01 MH116147 (Paul M. Thompson), and R01 MH117601 (Lianne Schmaal). Sarah Whittle was supported by an NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (ID: 1125504), Divyangana Rakesh was supported by a Melbourne Research Scholarship (MRS). Lianne Schmaal was supported by an NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (1140764). AFFDIS cohort: this study was funded by the University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG Startfoerderung) and the research team is supported by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, BMBF: 01 ZX 1507, "PreNeSt - e:Med"). Barcelona cohort: Funded by Generalitat de Catalunya (2017SGR1343), several Grants from the Instituto Carlos III (Spanish Ministry of Health), the European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund "Investing in your future," and CIBERSAM (G21). CLING cohort: this study was partially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via Grants to Oliver Gruber (GR1950/5-1 and GR1950/10-1). DIP-Groningen cohort: this study was supported by the Gratama Foundation, the Netherlands (2012/35 to NG). FOR2107-Marburg cohort: funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG, Grant FOR2107 KR 3822/7-2 to Axel Krug; FOR2107 KI 588/14-2 to Tilo Kircher and FOR2107 JA 1890/7-2). Houston cohorts: supported in part by National Institute of Mental Health Grant R01 085667 and the Dunn Research Foundation. Jair C. Soares is supported by the Pat Rutherford, Jr. Endowed Chair in Psychiatry. Milan Cohort: Funded by Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research (RF-2011-02349921). Singapore Cohort: Funded by the NHG Research Grant (SIG/15012) awarded to Kang Sim. SHIP-trend cohorts: SHIP is part of the Community Medicine Research net of the University of Greifswald, Germany, which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (ID: 01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, and 01ZZ0403), the Ministry of Cultural Affairs and the Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. MRI scans in SHIP and SHIP-TREND have been supported by a joint Grant from Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany, and the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. Stanford cohorts: this work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R37 MH101495. The BiDirect Study was supported by Grants from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; Grants FKZ-01ER0816 and FKZ-01ER1506). Matthew D. Sacchet is partially supported by an Award funded by the Phyllis and Jerome Lyle Rappaport Foundation.